[فووندر/سو] [إكلكتشس] ™ ، [لّك] 35 دولة شارع [نورثمبتون] ، [ما] 01060 [إينفوكلكتشس.كم] www.eclecTechs.com وظيفة [إكلكتشس] ™ ، [لّك] ، (سابقا يعرف كالإنترنت توصيل) ، [نورثمبتون] ، [ما] مالكة ؛ إنترنت مستشارة 1994 – إنترنت تدريب عن طريق [أدولت دوكأيشن] أصناف ؛ يخصّص تعليم ؛ سرّا يكفل حلقة دراسيّة [سري] من مبتدئة إلى مستويات متقدّمة. [وورلد ويد وب] تصميم وتزويد. [هتمل] 2.0 – 4.0 ، [كسّ] ، [كج/برل] [سكريبت] ، [جفسكريبت] ، [أونيإكس] ، [فمس] يبرمج. مودم تجهيزات ؛ [إينفورمأيشن رتريفل] ؛ بدأت فوق وتسويق من إنترنت يستشير عمل ؛ يوظّف ، يدرّب وإدارة من ينعت ملاكة لشركة. مهارة في كلّ إنترنت خدمات: [فتب] ، [تلنت] ، [غفر] ، [وّو] ، بريد إلكترونيّ ، و [أوسنت] خدمات. عمل [غرووث رت] على 35% [إش ر] ؛ أتمّت تطوير من على 200 [وب ست] بمبكّرة 1999. يجري إنترنت إضافيّة يطوّر ويعلم في 1999: [ي2ك] ، السنة 2000 مشكلة أوساط جديدة ، أو ، يضع طقم الحروفك جيّدة إلى الأمام! يسقط أسلوب صفاح ، [كسّ] [جفسكريبت] فعّالة يحافظ جديات خزينة ، الإنترنت لوالد إضافيّة حاسوب وإنترنت مسالك يطوّر ويعلم في 1998: [هتمل] متقدّمة مكروسوفت [فرونتبج] ’98 متوسّطة [فرونتبج] مكروسوفت منفذة من مكتب ’97 مكروسوفت كلمة ’97 شركة صغيرة [كمبوتر كورس] لعمل مالكات أو مديرات بريد الكتروني بشكل فعّال يستعمل مجموعة نقاش تسويق على الإنترنت يروّج [وب ست] ك [مووسنغ] حوالي تقديم إلى [ويندووس] ’98/’95 [ويندووس] متوسّطة ’98/’95 إضافيّة حاسوب وإنترنت مسالك يطوّر ويعلم في 1997: الإنترنت محامية تجارة فعليّة لصاحب مصنع [كمبوتر كمب] لبالغ مكروسوفت مكتب ’97 يبحث النسيج إضافيّة حاسوب وإنترنت مسالك يطوّر ويعلم في 1996: يكتب عمل خطة يستعمل الإنترنت يجد شغل يستعمل الإنترنت الإنترنت ل [سنيورس] الإنترنت لمربيات [هتمل] متوسّطة تقديم إلى حاسوبات [ويندووس] متوسّطة ’95 إنترنت يجري يطوّر ويعلم في 1995: تقديم إلى الإنترنت (بريد إلكترونيّ ، [فتب] ، [غفر] ، [تلنت] ، [أوسنت] ، [إيرك] ، [وّو]) يختار [إينترنت سرفيس بروفيدر] يستكشف ال [وورلد ويد وب] الإنترنت لشركة صغيرة تسويق على الإنترنت تجارة فعليّة وتسويق تحاوريّ [هتمل] – [هبرتإكست] زيادة لغة الإنترنت ل [رلتورس] ملحق كلية في سبرينغفيلد فنّيّة جماعة كلية مدرسة ل [لسّ] – [أمهرست] وقت فراغ خدمات وإضافيّة تربية قسم وظيفة سابقة جامعة ماساشوستس ، [أمهرست] ، [ما] مديرة فنّيّة 1988-1995 قسم من بوليمر علم وهندسة إدارة من ([بوستدوكتورل]) بوليمر علم [رسرش غرووب] ، بما في ذلك حاسوب وإنترنت تجهيز في يضمّ تسهيلات من 13 مختبرات. تعليم على إنترنت ، [أونيإكس] ، [فمس] ، [ويندووس] ، [دو] ، [إيدريس] ، ونظامة مواصفة استخدام آلة. مستشارة مستقلّة 1987-1989 أقسام من كيمياء و [فوود سكينس] تصميم وتزويد من نوويّة [منتيك رسننس] مطيافيّة ([نمر]) تجارب و [دتا نلسس] لكلية و [غردوت ستثدنت]. مختبرة مديرة 1984-1985 قسم من بوليمر علم وهندسة شغلت ، أبقيت ، برمجت ، تحرّيت حاسوب وتجهيز علميّة لمختبرة [نمر]. كورنلّ جامعة ، [إيثك] ، نيويورك بحث شريكة 1986 تقسيم من أعلام غذائيّة يعلم شريكة 1985 – 1986 قسم الكيمياء مدرسة [فولّ تيم] لأربعة عامّة [شميستري لبورتوري]/نقاشة أقسام. تربية جامعة ماساشوستس ، [أمهرست] ، [ما] [م.ب.] شهر ماي 1994. [ب.س.] كيمياء 1985. [أ.] سبرينغفيلد فنّيّة جماعة كلية 1980. أنشطة عضوة ، عظيمة سبرينغفيلد إتّفاق وزائرات مكتب مركز عضوة ، [أدفيسري بوأرد] ، سبرينغفيلد مشروع مركز عضوة ، سبرينغفيلد [شمبر وف كمّرس] 1996 – عضوة ، [نورثمبتون] [شمبر وف كمّرس] 1995 – [بوأرد وف ديركتور] ، [نورثمبتون] [شمبر وف كمّرس] 1997 – كرسي تثبيت ، [نورثمبتون] [شمبر وف كمّرس] [إدوكأيشن كمّيتّ] 1998 – [ستيرينغ كمّيتّ] عضوة ، فرع محلّيّ 5 غربيّة [نو نغلند] وطنيّة كاتبات إتحاد 1998-2000 [بوأرد وف ديركتور] ، غربيّة ماساشوستس إعلان ناد 1997-2000 عضوة ، [إلكترونيك فرونتير فووندأيشن] ([إفّ]) 1995 – عضوة ، [كمبوتر بروفسّيونل] لمسؤولية اجتماعيّة ([كبسر]) 1995 – عضوة ، وطنيّة حاسوب أمن جمعية ([نكسا]) 1995 – [سستم وبرتور] مساعدة ، جني [بولّتين بوأرد] 1991 – 1992 عضوة ، [سوندرلند] تقسيم إلى مناطق [بوأرد وف بّل] ([زبا]) 1988 – عليبة مراقبة متطوعة ، [مسبك] 1987 – [فوندريسر] ، [تومبكينس] إقليم [سبك] 1986 – 1987 ماساشوستس بائعة [رل ستت] رخصة 1989 – عضوة ، مجتمعة أمريكيّة كيميائيّة ([أكس]) 1984 – 1994 نشر [م.] [مسّ] ، [ج.] [هيرسكه] ، [ف.] أبيض ، [ف.]. [كرسز]. [متريلس] جديدة بوليمريّ ، 1.75-91 (1990). “[مولتي-تشنيقو] تحقيق ال [أسف5] يخدّر كيمياء في مبلمرة ([ب-فنلن] [فينلن])”. L.J. [لو] ، [ف.] أبيض ، [ب.] [شنشتي]. جريدة ال [فوود سكينس] ، في [برسّ.] “تأثير من سكروز على [وتر بيندينغ] ، تصرف من قمح دابوق بما أنّ يحدّد ب [ديوتريوم] ، [أإكسجن17] و [كربون13] مطيافيّة نوويّة [منتيك رسننس]”. [ب.] [شنشتي] ، [ف.] أبيض ، [ل.] [لو] ، [ت.ر.] [ستنغل]. [سرل شميستري] ، 68 (3) 238-244 (1991). “تطبيق من [هي رسلوأيشن] [ك13] ، [أ17] ، و [ن23] [نمر] أن يدرس التأثيرات من ماء ، سكروز ، و [نكل] على نشا عمليّة جلتنة”. [ف.] [أ.] أبيض. إجراءات من مؤتمر فنّيّة على اتّصال بعديّ [ر&د] في ماساشوستس ، 1994 ، 1 ، (5) 24-35″تضمنات أخلاقية عزلة في بريد الكتروني”. V.A. بيضاء. سبرينغفيلد [شمبر وف كمّرس] الرسالة الإخباريّة ، سبرينغفيلد ، [ما] ، نوفمبر – تشرين الثّاني 1996. “مرسام على الإنترنت ، أو [نتيقوتّ] على الحدّ إلكترونيّة.” V.A. بيضاء. عمل غربيّة ، سبرينغفيلد ، [ما] ، ديسمبر – كانون الأوّل 1996. “يجعل النسيج عمل ل أنت.” جماعة خدمة & تمييز: مهنة تحريض برنامج ، جدول بيضاء [ميدّل سكهوول] ، [إسثمبتون] ، مارس – آذار 23 ، 1999. متميّزة خريجات مكافأة أن يميّز إنجاز بارزة بمتخرجة ال [ستكّ] ، سبرينغفيلد فنّيّة جماعة كلية ، شهر ماي 28 ، 1998. عضوة من اللون [كيك-وفّ] ل [ستكّ] روح إقدام: حدثت يجعل هو! يناير – كانون الثّاني 14 ، 1998. يدعى إنترنت أعراض: نساء في تكنولوجيا ورشة ، كتلة حيّة ، يناير – كانون الثّاني 14 ، 1999. عضو لجنة ، [5ث] سنويّة نساء عمل مالكات مؤتمر ، [مت.] [هولوك] كلية ، نوفمبر – تشرين الثّاني 18 ، 1998. [إ-كمّرس]: يبيع على الإنترنت ، [إسثمبتون] [شمبر وف كمّرس] ، يوليو-تمّوز 28 ، 1998. إنترنت خدمات ، [وب ستس] وال [وورلد ويد وب] ، [شكب] [شمبر وف كمّرس] ، مارس – آذار 1998. النسيج لكاتبات، وطنيّة كاتبات إتحاد مؤتمر ، جامعة ماساشوستس ، [أمهرست] ، [ما] ، أكتوبر – تشرين الأوّل 18 ، 1997 ينافس في العمر من المجتمعة [نتووركد] – شبكة من العلاقات في الواد رياديّة – نوعية ساحة ’97 ، [وستفيلد] دولة كلية ، [وستفيلد] ، [ما] ، أكتوبر – تشرين الأوّل 9 ، 1997 يطوّر [وب ست]: ماذا أنت تحتاج أن يعرف ، مكتب تكنولوجيا [إإكسبو] 97 ، سبرينغفيلد فنّيّة جماعة كلية ، سبرينغفيلد ، [ما] ، شهر ماي 22 ، 1997 يعالج النسيج ، ما أعمال يحتاجون أن يعرف ، جامعة من ماساشوستس شركة صغيرة تطوير مركز ، [إسثمبتون] [شمبر وف كمّرس] ، شهر ماي 21 ، 1997 الإنترنت [رلتور] ، [4ث] سنويّة عظيمة سبرينغفيلد جمعية من [رلتورس] تربية وعرض تجاريّة ، سبرينغفيلد ، [ما] ، شهر ماي 9 ، 1997 الإنترنت محامية ، [غرينفيلد] جماعة كلية ، أبريل – نيسان 29 ، 1997 تجارة فعليّة لصاحب مصنع ، [نو-همبشير] `97 برمجيّة معرض & مؤتمر لصاحب مصنع ، [نشوا] ، [نه] ، مارس – آذار 28 ، 1997 المستقبل العمل على الإنترنت ، سبرينغفيلد [شمبر وف كمّرس] نساء مشاركة ، سبرينغفيلد ، [ما] ، نوفمبر – تشرين الثّاني 20 ، 1996 يتمّ عمل على النسيج ، جامعة من ماساشوستس رئيس [أفّيس] وشركة صغيرة تطوير مركز ، [هدلي] ، [ما] ، نوفمبر – تشرين الثّاني 20 ، 1996 الإنترنت لوسيط عقاريّ ، عظيمة سبرينغفيلد جمعية الوسيط عقاريّ ، سبرينغفيلد ، [ما] ، يوليو-تمّوز 20 ، 1996 الإنترنت وال [فيرست مندمنت] ، راديو وطنيّة عامّة ، ألباني ، [ني] ، شهر ماي 1 ، 1996 يحصل أن يعرف الإنترنت ، مهنة حالة وعي مؤتمر ، الولايات المتّحدة الأمريكيّة [بوستل سرفيس] ، سبرينغفيلد ، [ما] ، مارس – آذار 23 ، 1996 إنترنت لشركة صغيرة ، [هيلّتوون] [كمّونيتي] [دفلوبمنت] [كربورأيشن] ، [كمّينغتون] ، [ما] ، فبراير – شباط 21 ، 1996 يحصل أن يعرف الإنترنت ، مع [د.] [هكك] و [أ.] [إسكرسدا] ، نساء عمل مالكة تحالف ، سبرينغفيلد ، [ما] ، يناير – كانون الثّاني 25 ، 1996 عرض ال [وب ست] ، ال [وورلد بنك] ، واشنطن ، [دك] ، ديسمبر – كانون الأوّل 14 ، 1995 الإنترنت لوسيط عقاريّ ، عظيمة سبرينغفيلد جمعية الوسيط عقاريّ ، سبرينغفيلد ، [ما] ، ديسمبر – كانون الأوّل 4 ، 1995 الإنترنت: يغيّر علاقات و [فورجنغ] ممارسات جديدة ، سبب ، [نو ورلنس] ، لا ، نوفمبر – تشرين الثّاني 29 ، 1995 يفوّض نساء من خلال الإنترنت ، جامعة من ماساشوستس نساء محترفة شبكة ، [أمهرست] ، [ما] ، نوفمبر – تشرين الثّاني 21 ، 1995 يفوّض عمل نساء عن طريق الإنترنت ، [زونتا] ناد [نورثمبتون] ، [هدنفيلّ] ، [ما] ، نوفمبر – تشرين الثّاني 9 ، 1995 يستكشف الإنترنت لعمل ، جامعة من ماساشوستس سبرينغفيلد خريجات ناد ، سبرينغفيلد ، [ما] ، سبتمبر – أيلول 29 ، 1995 الإنترنت لوسيط عقاريّ ، [فرنكلين-همبشير] جمعية من وسيط عقاريّ ، [وهتلي] ، [ما] ، سبتمبر – أيلول 11 ، 1995 تجارة فعليّة ، تومسون ماليّة ، [نو ورك ستي] ، [ني] ، يونيو – حزيران 21 ، 1995 “حاسوب علم خلق والإنترنت: [إي] – [إييي]”، يونيو – حزيران 15-16 ، 1995 ، ماساشوستس تربية يحسب مؤتمر ، جامعة الكتلة. ، لول ، [ما] “تضمنات أخلاقية من أمن وعزلة على الإنترنت” ، أكتوبر – تشرين الأوّل 25 ، 1994 ، أولى سنويّة ماساشوستس اتّصال بعديّ مؤتمر ، جامعة الكتلة. ، لول ، [ما] “إصدارات أخلاقية في إنترنت منفذة من [أونيفرستي هووسنغ]” ، أكتوبر – تشرين الأوّل 10 ، 1994 ، تاسعة سنويّة [أكهو-ي] [إينفورمأيشن سستم] ورشة ، جامعة الكتلة. ، [أمهرست] ، [ما] “تفرعات إجتماعيّ من الوطنيّة معلومة بنية أساسيّة” ، أغسطس – آب 11 ، 1994 ، حاسوبات تاسعة سنويّة وفلسفة مؤتمر ، كلية غربيّة ، [لوس نجلس] ، [ك] “تفرعات اجتماعيّة من ال “معلومة طريق عامّ”” ، أبريل – نيسان 28 ، 1994 ، ثالثة سنويّة حاسوب علم خلق معهد مؤتمر ، بروكنغس معهد ، واشنطن ، [دك] “حاسوب علم خلق وال “معلومة طريق عامّ”” ، مارس – آذار 30 ، 1994 ، مدرسة من إدارة حلقة دراسيّة [سري] ، جامعة ماساشوستس ، [أمهرست]Read More

Part I: General Information Office Address: Department of AnesthesiologyBrigham and Women’s Hospital,75 Francis Street,Boston, MA 02115 Email: bskodali@bics.bwh.harvard.edubhavani@capnography.combhavani@painfreebirthing.com Education: 1976 – M.B.B.S JIPMER, University of Madras, India 1981 – MD JIPMER, University of Madras, India(Anesthesiology) Postdoctoral training: 1977 Compulsory rotating Internship, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, India 1978-81 Anesthesia resident, JIPMER, India 1993-94 Internship at MetroWest Medical Center, Framingham, MA, USA 1994-95 Anesthesia Resident, Brigham and Women’s Hospital,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 1996-98 Anesthesia Resident, Brigham and Women’s Hospital,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 1994-1995 1996-1998 Clinical Fellow in Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 1998 Fellow in Obstetric Anesthesia, (6 months)Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Licensure and Certification: 1978 Full Medical practice license in India 1982 Full Medical practice license in Guyana 1983 Full Medical practice license in Barbados 1992 ECFMG certification 1993 FLEX certification 1996 Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Board of Registration and Discipline in Medicine 1999 American Board of Anesthesiology Certification Academic Appointments: 1981-82 Senior Registrar, JIPMER, Pondicherry, India 1986-93 Associate LecturerUniversity of West Indies, Barbados September 1998 – December 1998 Instructor of AnaesthesiaHarvard Medical School. Boston, MA January 1999 –December 2002 Assistant Professor of Anaesthesia Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 2003 – Associate Professor of AnaesthesiaHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA Hospital or Affiliated Institution Appointments: 1981-82 Senior Resident in Anesthesiology,JIPMER, Pondicherry, India 1982 – 1983 Anesthesiologist, McKenzie Hospital,Guyana Mining Enterprise,Linden, Guyana, South America 1983 – 1985 Senior Registrar in Anesthesia,Queen Elizabeth Hospital,Barbados, West Indies 1985 – 1993 Attending Anesthesiologist,Queen Elizabeth Hospital,Barbados, West Indies 1995 – 1996 Attending Anesthesiologist,Queen Elizabeth Hospital,Barbados, West Indies 1998 Staff Anesthesiologist,Brigham and Women’s Hospital,Boston, MA Major Administrative Responsibilities: 1982-1983 Chief of Intensive Care Unit.Linden Hospital,Guyana Mining Enterprise Hospital,Guyana, South America 1989-1993 Senior Consultant,Queen Elizabeth Hospital,Barbados, West Indies Major Committee Assignments: Guyana Mining Enterprise Hospital, Linden, Guyana 1982-1983 Intensive Care Committee.Chief person responsible for establishing a four bed Intensive Care Unit at Linden, Guyana, South America. Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Barbados, West Indies 1988 – 1993 Intensive Care Nurses training Committee – Teacher/Examiner 1988 – 1993 Advisor to the Hospital Equipment Purchase Committee (Anesthesia) 1987 – 1993 Advisor to the Committee responsible for refurbishing operating rooms and establishment of Intensive Care Unit under World Bank loan in Barbados. 1985 – 1993 Advisor for recruiting personnel to the Department of Anesthesia from Overseas Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 2000- Transfusion Committee Member, Brigham and Women’s Hospital,Boston, MA National Committee Appointment: 2002- Appointed by the President Elect of American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) to the Subcommittee on Equipment, Monitoring, and Engineering Technology to oversee the implementation of the goals of the Society. Professional Society Involvement: 1978 – 1993 Indian Society of Anaesthetists, Member 1983 – Barbados Society of Anaesthetists; Member 1985 – National Association of Critical Care Medicine, India; Member 1987 – 1994 Association of Anaesthetists of Gr. Britain and Ireland; Member 1994 – American Society of Anesthesiologists; Member 1994 – International Anesthesia Research Society; Member 1994 – Massachusetts Society of Anesthesiologists; Member 1998 – Society of Obstetric Anesthesia and Perinatology; Member Community Service Related to Professional Work: Barbados 1984 Medical Coordinator for First International Barbados Marathon run. Member of emergency medical team providing emergency care to participants of initial events of “International Marathon runner” competition in Barbados. Emergency care was necessary for several visitors who were extensively dehydrated due to lack of acclimatization to tropical climate. In later years, better acclimatization by the participants to tropical climate, and training of emergency physicians to provide care, did not require anaesthesia group participation 1992 Key participant in Public EducationParticipated in a short video film on “Educating the public regarding Anaesthesia”, produced by Government Information Service of Barbados, 1992. This TV program was televised on the Island’s television network twice so far. Editorial Boards: 1996 – Consultant Reviewer: Capnography related articles for “Anesthesia and Analgesia” 2001 Guest Editor: “Anesthesia And Analgesia” 2002 – Reviewer for Capnography related articles for “Anesthesiology” 2002 – Appointed as referee to “European Journal of Anaesthesiology” 2002 – Appointed as referee to “Postgraduate Medicine” Awards and Honors: 1981 Indian Society of Anaesthetists (Pondicherry Branch) medal for outstanding anesthesia resident 1992 British Journal of Anesthesia International Scholarship for the year 1992 1997 Foundation of Anesthesia Education and Research (FAER) scholar 1997 2002 ‘Awards in Excellence” presented by the Faculty of Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Pain Medicine for outstanding contribution 2002 “Special Award” presented by the “Postgraduate Assembly in Anesthesiology” for exhibit entitled “Education in the new millennium” at the Annual Meeting held in New York, December 6th – 10th, 2002 Part II: Clinician Scholar Ladder A: Narrative Report of Clinical Practice: In Guyana, South America Intensive Care Unit in Guyana: In addition to providing anesthesia for routine operating room surgeries, established a four bed intensive care unit for Guyana Mining Hospital, Linden, Guyana, South America. This unit was declared open by Ministerial representative of Government of Guyana in 1982. The unit was under my care during my tenure in Guyana. Patients with serious mining injuries, respiratory insufficiency and coronary patients benefited from this service. In Barbados: Pivotal role in the development of Anesthesia Department at Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Barbados. Provided anesthesia care for routine and emergency cases at the government owned 650 bed QEH (A teaching affiliate of University of West Indies, 6000-7000 operations/year, a referral hospital for a million population from Anguilla in the north to Grenada in the south.). I was an active member of the team responsible for refurbishing operating rooms and purchasing monitoring equipment, as well as establishing an ICU (Project undertaken with World Bank Loan). I was a key member of the group responsible for training ICU nurses required to staff the unit. In addition to routine anesthesia and teaching responsibilities, I was also instrumental in developing an anesthesia auditing program to keep track of anesthesia disposable items. Such a program was found to be necessary to prevent acute and unexpected shortage of imported disposable items in the island. In addition, I also designed and organized clinical research studies in capnography utilizing available limited resources. Furthermore, studies were also conducted in areas specific to third world developing nations such as; anesthesia without nitrous oxide (nitrous oxide is expensive); suitability and cost effectiveness of providing oxygen from oxygen concentrators to meet the demands of the hospital; and methods to prevent condensation of water in air pipelines due to excessive humidity. The development of the anesthesia department in Barbados was the focus of my special article published recently. Brigham and Women’s Hospital: As a fellow in Obstetric anesthesia, I was a team leader in assigning day to day clinical responsibilities to residents in the labor and delivery section as well as operating room division. In addition, I was actively involved in the provision of anesthesia care to high risk obstetric patients as well as patients requiring In-vitro-fertilization. At the conclusion of obstetric anesthesia training, I was appointed as staff anesthesiologist at Brigham and Women’s Hospital. Major responsibility includes provision of anesthesia care (sub-specialty) to obstetric patients. Brigham and Women’s being a high risk obstetric referral center, a substantial number of patients fall into high risk category requiring anesthesia care during delivery. Recently, a new dimension to obstetric anesthesia care has been added, which is providing care to patients undergoing in-uterus fetal surgery. In addition to subspecialty care of obstetric anesthesia, a portion of time is spent in providing anesthesia care in main operating rooms, which includes general surgical, thoracic and vascular patients, as well to patients out side of main operating room in areas such as in MRI and CT scan. As a member of transfusion committee, I am actively involved with other members in revising and implementing several policies in compliance with JACHO to enhance safety of transfusions in various circumstances. B. Short Report of Research That Contributes to Care of Patients Primary Research interest: Capnography Clinical research is centered on capnography, thromboelastography and obstetric anesthesia. Clinical research in capnography extends over a period of 16 years resulting in publication of original papers, review articles, case reports and correspondences on capnography. The main area of clinical research in capnography is on arterial to end-tidal carbon dioxide differences in pregnancy, including those during laparoscopic surgery. I suggested a standard terminology for time capnography and highlighted current limitations of this important monitoring device. This terminology has been included in most text books including “Nunn’s Respiratory Physiology”. I also review papers on capnography as a consultant to editorial board of Anesthesia and Analgesia as well as guest editor to ‘Anesthesiology’. Achieved the status of ‘Guest Editor” for Anesthesia and Analgesia in the year 2002. I am committed to educating colleagues and residents as well as students in capnography via my participation in grand rounds and day to day clinical teaching. I produced a multimedia on capnography using computer software for teaching purposes. ‘Ohmeda’ (Datex-Ohmeda Inc, Manufacturer of anesthesia equipment, anesthesia machines and capnographs) considers my article entitled “Capnometry and Anaesthesia” an important teaching material for anesthesiologists, customers and employees of Ohmeda. Web Based Education: Site on Capnography.com: A website on capnography has been designed, produced and maintained without external sponsorship to provide a complete review on end-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring during anesthesia and intensive care. This site uses several animations designed to explain underlying physical and physiological concepts of capnography in addition to highlighting clinical applications. The purpose of this site is to fulfill my long standing goal of developing an easily accessible educational site on capnography. This is an “All-In-One” on capnography. This site has attracted several good reviews: (Approximate time spent in construction of the website – >1000 hours) Anesthesiology – October 2001: (see the issue for full version) “Dr Bhavani Shankar Kodali, a well published expert on the subject of capnography, has created the Capnography website without sponsorship from any equipment or pharmaceutical company. Dr Bhavani Shankar Kodali’ has put forth great effort to produce the equivalent of a capnography textbook and made it freely available on the Internet. The site provides a complete review of end-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring during anesthesia and intensive care. In addition, this website provides animated graphics that are not possible to produce in a textbook and can greatly facilitate learning. Capnography.com is truly an “all-in-one” for the subject of capnography and a great teaching contribution.” British Journal of Anaesthesia – October 2001: (see the issue for full version) “This website, the work of Professor Shankar ……. There is lot of material on this site, and it is impossible to list all the good things…. Certainly it provides fun. It will be a learning resource for students- and I will be recommending it. It may become a forum for specialists, as its author hopes….” Journal of Neurosurgical Anesthesiology – October 2001: (see the issue for full version) “While not a book, a web-based site may also be used as a teaching tool….. developed by Dr Shankar, an assistant professor of anesthesiology from Harvard Medical School. The site uses extensive and colorful animations to explain the concepts…. I believe that a candidate for the oral board examinations might well find that 15 minutes spent at this site shortly before the interview proves invaluable. It is also an effective teaching tool for all residents and helpful for the clinician who wishes to better understand the disease process that generates an abnormal waveform.” Capnography.com website was presented as a technical exhibit at the ‘American Society of Anesthesiologists Annual Scientific meeting’ at New Orleans, USA – October 2001. In addition, several complimentary comments have been received from various sections of the medical community, manufacturing firms, and paramedical staff. Some of these comments have been coming from abroad. In addition, the website is also an invaluable tool in the preparation of reports for technology classes. One such example is the Graduate School at Northeastern University. Website statistics reveal that, on the average, 500 pages of this website are accessed on a daily basis. Over 66,000 viewers have already visited this website. Major search engines (such as Yahoo.com and Google.com) rank this website as number one in capnography among non-sponsored websites, based on its popularity and content. Many organizations have provided a link on their website to www.capnography.com in order to provide a source of information on capnography for their clients. Frequently, permission is sought from teachers and instructors in several fields to borrow material from this website for presenting in their conferences. Very often, individuals visiting the website from several countries often ask intriguing questions about Capnography, to which I respond in detail. Patient Education (www.painfreebirthing.com): Patient education is an important component of clinical anesthesia. With the technical experience acquired in the designing of capnography website, a website was designed and just completed to explain the details of pain free childbirth to pregnant women seeking childbirth options. This is the first site to use computer animation graphics to explain basic concepts to lay persons about pain free childbirth procedures so that the patients can make an educated decision regarding their childbirth. The patients can look at this site at their homes during their pregnancy, or can view the site even in the labor and delivery rooms if equipped with internet computers (such as at Brigham and Women’s). The chairman of the department of Obstetric and Gynecology and the director of public relations at Brigham and Women’s Hospital (BWH) recognized the importance of this endeavor to women’s health and education. They decided to adopt the website’s content into the pregnancy and childbirth section of the BWH website. They directed their web designers to create a platform for this purpose, which is now live at www.brighamandwomens.org/painfreebirthing. The importance of this patient educational endeavor also received its due recognition at a recently concluded meeting of the Society of Obstetric Anesthesia and Perinatology, where I was asked to demonstrate the website to the entire gathering. This website has also been selected for presentation as a technical exhibit at the 2002 Annual meeting of American Society of Anesthesiologists in October at Orlando. Over 24,000 viewers have already visited this website since its inception in March 2002. Society of Obstetric Anesthesia and Perinatology (SOAP) and Obstetric Anaesthetists Association of Great Britain have provided links on their website to the Painfreebirthing website for the benefit of their patients. This website was presented along with the capnography website at the Scientific Exhibition of Annual Postgraduate Assembly in Anesthesiology held in New York (December, 6th-10th, 2002) under the title “Education in the new millennium.” This exhibit won a “Special Award” at the meeting. Approximate hours spent in the preparation of this website – >400 hours). Current Research Projects: Projects completed and the data presented at conferences. Manuscripts are under preparation for possible publication. I am the first author of the following clinical studies: Principal Investigator: Airway changes in Labor Upper airway changes in labor using acoustic resonance reflectometry Intermittent versus continuous infusion of local analgesics during labor Cerebral oxygen saturation during cesarean delivery (primary investigator). Airway in pregnancy Effect of amniotic fluid on coagulation using Thromboelastography Co-investigator: Duration of the supine position after an epidural blood patch. Coagulation studies in patients receiving low dose warfarin thromboprophylaxis using Thromboelastography Effect of Invitro fertilization on coagulation as studied by Thromboelsatography Complementary and alternative medicine use in patients undergoing In-vitro Fertilization procedures. Funding: Manufacturers of medical equipment (Abbott, Inc, 1998-1999; Haemoscope, Inc, 1999-2000) supported the acquisition of equipment for clinical studies. Funding for laboratory investigations in clinical studies (1998-2000) was obtained from ‘Anesthesia Research fund’ of the department. Websites are fully self-supported. Research, programming, designing and implementation of websites were via personal web learning and multimedia programming efforts. C. Self Report of Teaching: Local Contributions (Brigham and Women’s Hospital): Hospital Courses and Teaching Presentations Grand Rounds: 1996 Capnography in Clinical PracticePreparation time: 5 hours; 100 attendees 1997 CapnographyPreparation time: 5 hours;100 attendees 1998 Clinical Conference on “Spinal after for failed epidural analgesia in Obstetrics”Preparation time: 2 hours;100 attendees 1998 Airway in pregnancy is as important to Obstetricians as to AnesthesiologistsPreparation time: 6 hours;50 attendees. 1998 12 sessions of high risk weekly Obstetric anesthesia rounds–February 98 to July 98. Preparation time: 2 hours for each;18 attendees 1998 – 70 clinical conferences / problem based learning sessions and lectures to Obstetric anesthesia residents and fellows at afternoon conferences. Preparation time: 2 hours; 20 attendees 1998 Capnography in clinical practicePreparation time: 5 hours;100 attendees 1999 Coagulation issues in ObstetricsPreparation time: 4 hours; 100 attendees 1999 CapnographyPreparation time: 4 hours; 100 attendees 2000 CapnographyPreparation time: 4 hours; 100 attendees 2001 Learning capnography via WebPreparation time: 8 hours;100 attendees 2002 Clinical Conference: Anesthesia outside operating roomTeaching via animated gif. Files.Preparation time: 12 hours; 100 attendees 2002 Clinical Conference: Air in the Epidural SpacePresentation using gif. Files.Preparation time: 20 hours;100 attendees 2002 Capnography: What one should knowPreparation time: 4 hours100 attendees Regional, National or International contributions: Invited Presentations 1987 Lecture: “Capnography” Department of Anesthesia, JIPMERPondicherry, India 1989 Lecture: “Arterial to End-tidal CO2 difference in pregnancy” Department of Anaesthesia, Mater Hospital, Dublin, Ireland 1992 Lecture: “Physiology and clinical applications of Capnography”Department of Anesthesia,Maricopa Medical Center,Phoenix, Arizona, USA 1992 Conference presentation: Monitoring a ventilated patient. Fourth Barbados Society of Anaesthetist Conference,Barbados, West Indies 1992 Consultant assignment to Government of St Lucia: A part of a two member team invited by the Government of St. Lucia to investigate bizarre cases of post-anaesthesia facial swelling in several patients. A systematic interview of anaesthesiologists, nurses and technicians was conducted in addition to examination of anaesthetic practice, sterilization of non-disposable equipment and anaesthesia machines. The problem was traced to airways and non-disposable endotracheal tubes. The airways were sterilized using cidex for 30 minutes, which was followed by inadequate water washing and soaking (approx. 10 min). The problem was easily rectified by thorough washing, rinsing, and soaking in water twice the duration of glutaraldehyde contact. 1997 Lecture: “Clinical overview of Desflurane and its economic viability for developing island nations” Invitation by Zeneca Pharmaceuticals and Department of Anaesthesia,Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of West Indies,Barbados, West Indies. 1998 Lecture: “Capnography in Clinical Practice”University of Medical and Dental School, New Jersey 1999 Lecture: “Monitoring coagulation disorders using thromboelastography” Anesthesiologists of Bombay, India 1999 Lecture: “Thromboelastography in Pregnancy”Addressed to Obstetricians of Bombay, Oberoi Towers, Bombay, India. 1999 Lecture: “Monitoring coagulation disorders using thromboelastography” Anesthesiology and Cardiac surgery of Grant Hospital, Bombay, India 2000 Lecture: “Capnography. What one should know” UTMB, Galveston, Texas 2000 Lecture: “How to make your epidurals work”Regional Anesthesia Update,Royal Sonesta Hotel,Cambridge, Boston, MAPreparation time: 4 hours; 100 attendees 2001 Lecture: “Capnography. Web based lecture using animations”.Department of AnesthesiologyJIPMER, Pondicherry, India. 2001 Lecture: “Understanding Capnography via web”Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA Preparation time: 6 hours; 90 attendees. 2001 Lecture: “Capnography in Clinical Practice”University of Medical and Dental School,New Jersey 2002 Demonstration of the patient educational website on www.painfreebirthing.com 34th Annual meeting of Society of Anesthesiologists and Perinatalogy Conference, Hilton Head, South Carolina, USA. 2002 Grand rounds lecture: “Capnography: What one should know” Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MAPreparation time: 8 hours140 Attendees. 2002 (December 27-30) Invited guest faculty. Indian Society of Anesthesiologists, Coimbatore, India Lectures: “Capnography in laparoscopic surgery”“Anesthesia for laparoscopic surgery during pregnancy”Preparation time: 14 hoursOver 600 Attendees. 2003 (February 27) Grand rounds lecture: “Capnography”. Grand rounds lecture:”Anesthesia for laparoscopic surgery in pregnancy”Duke University Anesthesiology departmentNorth Carolina. 2003 (March 7-9) Texas Anesthesia Society Conference.Predicting Difficult Airway in Obstetrical Patient.The Role of Capnography in the Recognition and Management of Esophageal IntubationEducating Parturients About Their Anesthetic Options. 2003 (scheduled) ASA Panel case discussion. Self Report of Teaching: Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston MA I take enormous interest in teaching and training residents. Periodically, I am the main speaker of grand rounds on the subject of my interest. I have organized several clinical conferences in the obstetric anesthesia sub-specialty on a regular basis for residents and fellows. I also introduced a new teaching technique to covey messages across to audiences in clinical conferences via computer based animated .gif files. Animated graphics are powerful teaching tools, which unequivocally attract the attention of the audiences. I seize every opportunity to teach residents on capnography via animated website. A considerable portion of my time is spent in updating the websites on a regular basis. Research Supervision of Fellows and Residents I supervise clinical fellows and clinical anesthesia (3rd year) residents to undertake clinical projects and guide them through manuscript preparation as senior author. The results of these projects have been presented at National conferences such as American Society of Anesthesiologists and Society of Obstetric Anesthesia and Perinatology. Some of the abstracts are published in journals and others in preparation for submission to journals. India: 1981-1982 Senior Registrar, JIPMER, Pondicherry, India. Senior Registrar is a teaching position at JIPMER. I participated in 6 seminars and several case conferences in addition to day to day teaching activities to 15 residents of the department. Barbados: 1986-1993 Associate Lecturer at the University of West Indies, Barbados. The anesthesia department of QEH provides training for undergraduate and postgraduate students of University of West Indies. The postgraduate training in Anesthesia consists of a three year DM program. In addition to postgraduate clinical training, I was also involved in didactic teaching and conducting weekly clinical conferences. Part III: Bibliography ORIGINAL ARTICLES: Bhavani Shankar K, Moseley HSL, Gopwani H, Clarke V, Sivarajan S and Ishmael R. Halothane and topical cocaine/epinephrine: Is it safe in nasal surgery? Asian Archives of Anaesthesiology and Resuscitation. 1986;23:2:281-6. Moseley HSL, Bhavani Shankar K and Krishnan A. Flow requirements for Bain breathing circuit during anaesthesia for Caesarean section. Can Anaes Soc J 1986;33:5:583-7. Shankar KB, Moseley H, Kumar Y and Vemula V. Arterial to end-tidal carbon dioxide tension difference during Caesarean section anaesthesia. Anaesthesia 1986;41:698-702. Bhavani Shankar K, Moseley H, Kumar Y and Vemula V. Physiological dead space during general anaesthesia for Caesarean section. Canadian J Anaesth 1987;34:4:373-6. Bhavani Shankar K, Moseley H, Kumar Y, Vemula V and Krishnan A. Arterial to end-tidal carbon dioxide tension difference during anaesthesia for tubal ligations. Anaesthesia 1987;42:482-6. Moseley H, Kumar AY, Bhavani Shankar K, Rao PS and Homi J. Should air-oxygen replace nitrous oxide-oxygen in general anaesthesia. Anaesthesia 1987;42(6):609-12. Shankar KB, Moseley H. Evaluation of induction properties of Diprivan (Propofol). Indian J Anaesth 1988:36;5:248-54. Moseley H, Shankar KB, Kumar Y, Hallsworth R, Krishnan A. Propofol: a new intravenous anesthetic. West Indian Med J 1988;37(3):229-31. Shankar KB, Moseley H, Vemula V, Ramasamy M and Kumar Y. Arterial to end-tidal carbon dioxide tension difference during anaesthesia in early pregnancy. Canadian J Anaesth 1989;36(2):124-7. Bhavani Shankar K, Steinbrook RA, Mushlin PS, Freiberger D. Transcutaneous PCO2 monitoring during laparoscopic cholecystectomy in pregnancy. Canadian J Anaesth 1998;45(2):164-9. Bhavani Shankar K, Russell R, Aklog L, Mushlin PS. Dual capnography facilitates detection of a critical perfusion defect in an individual lung. Anesthesiology 1999;90(1):302-4. Bhavani Shankar K, Philips JH. Defining Segments and Phases of a Time Capnogram. Anesthesia Analgesia 2000;91(4):973-7. Bhavani Shankar K, Steinbrook R, Brooks DC, Datta S. Arterial to end-tidal carbon dioxide pressure difference during laparoscopic surgery in pregnancy. Anesthesiology 2000;93(2):370-3. Harnett MJ, Datta S, Bhavani-Shankar K. The effect of Magnesium on coagulation in parturients with preeclampsia. Anesthesia and Analgesia 2001;92(5):1257-60. Steinbrook RA, Bhavani-Shankar K. Hemodynamics during laparoscopic surgery in pregnancy. Anesthesia Analgesia 2001;93(6):1570-1. Hepner D, Concepcion M, Bhavani-Shankar K. Thromboelastography in patients receiving warfarin prophylaxis and epidural analgesia. J Clinical Anesthesia 2002;14(6):405-10. Harnett MP, Bhavani-Shankar K, Datta S, Tsen LC. In-vitro fertilization induced alterations in coagulation and fibrinolysis as measured by thromboelastography. Anesthesia and Analgesia 2002;95:1063-66. Review articles/Book chapters/Invited papers: Bhavani Shankar K, Moseley H, Kumar Y. A Review of arterial to end-tidal carbon dioxide tensions difference during anaesthesia in pregnancy. Indian J Anaesth 1988:2. Bhavani Shankar K, Moseley H, Kumar Y. End-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring and its clinical applications. Asian Archives of Anaesthesiology and Resuscitation 1990;32:41-54. Bhavani Shankar K, Moseley H, Kumar Y. Capnography and its usefulness in the operating room. Journal de la SMAAR 1991;2:2-3. Bhavani Shankar K, Moseley H, Kumar Y and Delph Y. Capnometry and anesthesia. A Review Article. Canadian J Anaesth 1992;39:617-32. Moseley H, Bhavani Shankar K, Kumar AY. Anaesthesia without nitrous oxide. Postgraduate Doctor 1992;8(5):168-72. Bhavani Shankar K, Kumar AY, Moseley H, Hallsworth R. Terminology and the current limitations of time capnography. A brief review. Journal Clin Monit 1995;11(3):175-182 Bhavani Shankar K, Moseley H, Mushlin PS, Hallsworth R, Fakoory M, Walrond ER. Anesthesia in Barbados. Canadian J Anesth 1997;44:559-68. Bhavani Shankar K, Steinbrook RA. Anesthetic considerations for minimally invasive surgery. In: Brooks DC, editor. Current Review of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Third edition. 1999. Current Medicine, Inc. Philadelphia: 28-40. Bhavani Shankar K. Anesthesia for cesarean section. In Problems in Anesthesia. Ed: Bader A, Datta S. 1999;11:3:333-43. Shay DC, Bhavani-Shankar K, Datta S. Laparoscopic surgery during pregnancy. Anesthesiol Clin North America 2001 Mar;19(1):57-67. Srinivasa V, Gilbertson LI, Bhavani-Shankar K. Thromboelastography: where is it and where is it heading? Int Anesthesiol Clin 2001;39(1):35-49. Farraghar R, Bhavani Shankar K. Obstetric Anesthesia. In: Wylie and Churchil Davidson: Text Book of Anesthesia. United Kingdom: Accepted for publication (2002). Bhavani Shankar K, Lee-Paritz A. Anesthesia for pregnant obese parturients. In: Anesthesia for High Risk Pregnancy. Editor: Datta S. Accepted for publication (2002). Case reports/Clinical communications: Moseley HSL, Shankar KB and Krishnan A. A method of producing normocarbia during general anaesthesia for Caesarean section. Anaesthesia 1985;40:814 (C). Shankar KB, Palkar NV, Nishkala R. Paraplegia following epidural potassium chloride. Anaesthesia 1985;40:45-7. Bhavani Shankar K, Moseley H, Kumar Y, Vemula V and Krishnan A. Arterial to end-tidal carbon dioxide tension difference. Anaesthesia 1987;42:1338-9(c). Bhavani Shankar K, Moseley H, Kumar Y and Vemula V. Arterial to endtidal carbon dioxide difference. Anaesthesia 1987;42:211-2. Bhavani Shankar K, Moseley H, Kumar Y and Ramasamy M. Bain anesthetic system, gender and obesity index. Anaesthesia 1987;42:444. Moseley H, Kumar AY, Bhavani Shankar K, Rao PS. Air-oxygen mixtures. Anaesthesia 1987;42:1336-7. Shankar KB. Deviations from international standards. Anaesthesia 1987;42:444 (C). Bhavani Shankar K. High frequency jet ventilation and (a-E)PCO2 difference. Anaesthesia 1987;42:1124-5 (c). Moseley H, Kumar AY, Bhavani Shankar K, Rao PS. Air-oxygen mixtures. Anaesthesia 1988;43:160-1(C). Moseley H, Kumar AY, Bhavani Shankar K, Rao PS and Homi J. Should air/oxygen replace nitrous oxide/oxygen in general anaesthesia. An abstract with comments from the editor. Survey of Anesthesia 1988;32:2:97. Bhavani Shankar K, Moseley H, Sam MacCoskie and Kumar Y. Continuous flow ventilators in the ICU. British J Anaesth 1988;60(1):117-8. Shankar KB, Moseley H, MacCoskie S, Kumar Y. IMV and work of breathing. British J Anaesth 1988;60:480. Shankar KB, Moseley H, Hassell TA and Sivarajan S. Hypersensitive Carotid sinus. Anaesthesia 1988;43 (1):61. Bhavani Shankar K, Moseley H, Kumar A. Prolonged bradycardia and hypotension after neostigmine administration in a patient receiving atenolol. Anaesthesia 1988;43:797-8 (c). Bhavani Shankar K, Moseley H, Kumar Y. Intranasal cocaine/adrenaline during halothane anaesthesia. Anaesthesia 1989;44(6):521. Shankar KB. Ethics of intubation. Anaesthesia 1989;44:176. Bhavani Shankar K, Moseley H, Kumar Y. Portable monitoring devices. Anaesthesia 1990;45(3):257. Shankar KB, Moseley H, Kumar AY. Relationship between PaCO2-PETCO2 gradient and physiological dead space. Can J Anaesth 1991;38(8):1072-4. Shankar KB, Moseley H, Kumar AY. Negative arterial to end-tidal gradients. Canadian J Anaesth 1991;38(2):260-1. Shankar KB, Moseley H, Kumar Y. Oxygen cylinders on anaesthesia machines. Br J Anaesth 1991;66(5):628. Bhavani Shankar K, Moseley H, Kumar Y. Cocaine, intranasal, during otolaryngologic surgery. Survey of Anesthesiology 1991;35:114-5. Kumar AY, Bhavani Shankar K, Moseley HS, Delph Y. Inspiratory valve malfunction in a circle system: pitfalls in capnography. Canadian J Anaesth 1992;39(9):997-9. Shankar KB, Moseley H, Kumar AY. Ventilatory effects of laparoscopy under general anaesthesia. Br J Anaesthesia 1992;69(5):542-3. Shankar KB, Moseley H, Kumar AY. Dual end-tidal CO2 monitoring and double-lumen tubes. Can J Anaesth 1992;39(1):100 (C). Kumar AY, Shankar KB, Moseley HSL. Capnography does not reliably detect double-lumen endotracheal tube misplacement. J Clin Monit 1993;9:207-8. Bhavani Shankar K. Negative arterial to end-tidal CO2 gradients in children. Canadian J Anaesth 1994;41(11):1125-6. Bhavani Shankar K, Hart N, Mushlin PS. Negative pressure induced airway and pulmonary injury. Canadian J Anaesth 1997;44(1):78-81. Bhavani Shankar K, Kannan S. Prevention of occlusion of sampling tubes in side-stream capnographs. Can J Anaesth 1997:44(4):453. Bhavani Shankar K, Mushlin PS. Arterial to end-tidal gradients in pregnant subjects. Anesthesiology 1997;87:1596-8. Bhavani Shankar K, Camann WR. The practice of using sevoflurane inhalation induction for emergency cesarean section and a parturient with no intravenous access. Anesthesiology 1998;88:275-6. Bhavani Shankar K. Salivary gland enlargement caused by chemical agents. Anesthesia and Analgesia 1999; 89(3):804. Kaynar AM, Shankar KB. Epidural infusion: Continuous or bolus? Anesthesia and Analgesia 1999;89(2):534. Kaynar AM, Bhavani Shankar K, Mushlin PS. Lingual hematoma as a potential cause of upper airway obstruction. Anesthesia Analgesia 1999;89(6):1573-5. Harnett MJ, Miller AD, Hurley RJ, Bhavani-Shankar K. Pregnancy, labour and delivery in a Jehovah’s Witness with esophageal varices and thrombocytopenia. Can J Anaesth 2000 Dec;47(12):1253-5. Bhavani-Shankar K, Lynch EP, Datta S. Airway changes during Cesarean hysterectomy. Canadian J Anaesth 2000;47(4):338-41. Russell R, Bhavani Shankar K, Mushlin P. Another application of dual-lung capnography. Anesthesiology 2000; 92(1):288-9. Kodali, BS. www.capnography.com. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2001;15(6):806-7. Kodali BS. www.capnography.com. An animated website. Anesth Analg. 2001;93(5):1364. Shankar KB, Posner M. A normal capnogram despite esophageal intubation. Canadian J Anaesth 2002;49(4)439. Mushlin PS, Kodali BS. Learning capnography on the World Wide Web: an educational resource for the new millennium. Acta Anaesthesiogica Scandinavica. 2002;46(3):341. Bhavani Shankar K. Business cards and Anesthetic Practice. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 2002;95(1):257-8. Abstracts: Bhavani Shankar Bhavani Shankar K, Krishna S, Moseley H. Airway changes in pregnancy. Anesthesiology 1997; 87 suppl A895. Bhavani Shankar K, Bulich L, Datta S, Kral M. Airway changes in labor. Anesthesiology 1998;April SOAP suppl. Bhavani Shankar K, Wu Y, Tsen LC, Osathanondh R, Datta S. Thromboelastography in Pregnancy. Anesthesiology 1999;April SOAP suppl A67. Bhavani Shankar K, Malov S, Kannan S, Hurley R, Datta S. Efficacy of intermittent epidural flow for labor analgesia (A bupivacaine fountain in the epidural space). Anesthesiology 1999;April SOAP suppl A68. Wu Y, Bhavani Shankar K, Datta S. Hetastarch compromises blood coagulation at term pregnancy by inhibiting platelet as well as coagulation factor activity. Anesthesiology 1999;April SOAP suppl A90. Harnett MJP, Bhavani-Shankar K, Datta S. Thromboelastography in parturients receiving magnesium. Anesthesiology 2000;SOAP suppl A52. Bhavani Shankar K, Steinbrook R, Brooks DC, Datta S. Laparoscopic surgery in pregnancy – Is Invasive monitoring essential? Anesthesiology 2000;SOAP suppl A66. Amosu O, Bhavani Shankar K. Cerebral oxygenation during cesarean section. Anesthesiology 2000;SOAP suppl A85. Nelson P, Tsen LC, Bader AM, Bhavani-Shankar K(Kodali), Datta S, Segal S. Can epidural saline promote recovery from spinal anesthesia? Anesthesiology 2000;SOAP suppl A87. Harnett M, Tsen L, Datta S, Bhavani-Shankar K. In vitro fertilization induced changes in coagulation using thromboelastography. Anesthesiology 2000; ASA (September) suppl 1077. Bhavani-Shankar K, Bulich L, Kafiluddi R, Kral M, Datta S. Does labor and delivery induce airway changes? Anesthesiology 2000;ASA (September) suppl A1072. Bhavani-Shankar K, Malov S, Hurley R, Datta S. Do rapidly administered intermittent epidural boluses provide better labor analgesia? Anesthesiology 2000;ASA (September) suppl A1071. Harnett M, S. Datta, K. Bhavani-Shankar. How does amniotic fluid affect coagulation? Anesthesiology 2001; SOAP suppl A45. Bhavani-Shankar K, W. Camann. General anesthesia for cesarean delivery. The status of current resident training and experience. Anesthesiology 2001; SOAP suppl A31. Bhavani Shankar K, Sobhana, Topulos G. Airway evaluation during labor using acoustic reflectometry. Anesthesiology 2001; ASA (October) suppl A1035 Hepner, DL, Bhavani-Shankar Kodali. Camann W, Harnett M, Segal S, Tsen LC. Supine position duration following an epidural blood patch. Anesthesiology 2002; SOAP suppl P103. Bhavani-Shankar Kodali, Camann W. Combined obstetric and anesthesia journal club series: A forum for collaboration. Anesthesiology 2002; SOAP suppl P12. Bhavani-Shankar Kodali. How do we educate our patients about obstetric Anesthesia? (Animated Website: – www.painfreebirthing). Anesthesiology 2002; SOAP suppl P8. Educational Material: Websites: www.Capnography.com Preparation time: >1000 hours A website on capnography has been designed, produced and maintained with no sponsorship to provide a complete review on end-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring during anesthesia and intensive care. This site uses several animations designed to explain underlying physical and physiological concepts of capnography in addition to highlighting clinical applications. This is an “All-In-One” on capnography. This capnography website has been reviewed by independent reviewers in “Anesthesiology (October 2001), British Journal of Anesthesia (October 2001) and Journal of Neurosurgical anesthesiology (October 2001). It has been summarized as a great teaching contribution on capnography and being more advantageous than a text book. Web based patient education: www.painfreebirthing.com Preparation time: > 400 hours Designed, programmed, and produced a website for pregnant women on pain free child birth options. This is the first site to use computer animation graphics to explain concepts of pain free child birth. The patients can access the information at home or in the labor and delivery suites equipped with computer Internet access such as ours. This patient educational website was demonstrated at a recently concluded Society of Obstetric Anesthesia and Perinatology. Anesthesia video Film for Govt. Of Barbados: Participated in a short video film on “Educating the public regarding Anesthesia”, produced by Government Information Service of Barbados, 1992. MD Thesis for Anesthesiology: Oxygen saturation of hemoglobin after general anesthesia using IPPR. A dissertation submitted to the University of Madras, 1981, in partial fulfillment for the degree of MD. Multi-Media Presentation in Capnography: Comprehensive review on Capnography produced in computer software: Madison- Avenue and Harvard Graphics: This is probably the first review on capnography in multimedia presentation format. Scientific exhibition: Internet and World Wide Web – A teaching tool of anesthesia education for this new millennium (www.capnography.com ). Presented at American Society of Anesthesiologists Annual Conference at NewOrleans, October 2001. How do we educate our patients? www.painfreebirthing.com – Presented at American Society of Anesthesiologists Annual Conference at Orlando, October 2002. Education in the New Millennium. Invited to present both websites at 56th Postgraduate Assembly in Anesthesiology at New York City in December 2002 as examples of educational tools of the new millennium. Subject of interest and expertise: Capnography: Published original papers, clinical communications and invited papers/review articles on capnography. Designed and produced a website on capnography, which has been reviewed in Anesthesiology and British Journal of Anaesthesia. Presently serving as a consultant reviewer/guest reviewer for capnography related articles for ‘Anesthesiology’, ‘Anesthesia Analgesia’ and European Journal of Anaesthesiology. CONFERENCE PRESENTATIONS: Bhavani Shankar K, Moseley H, Kumar AY, Vemula V. Arterial to end-tidal CO2 difference during general anaesthesia for tubal ligation. First Caribbean Anesthetists Conference – Barbados, 1986. Moseley H, Bhavani Shankar K, Vemula V, Srikanthan K. Halothane and topical cocaine/epinephrine: Is it safe in nasal surgery?. First Caribbean Anesthetists Conference – Barbados, 1986. Moseley H, Bhavani Shankar K, Gibson E, Procope N. Compensation for stress in marathon runners. First Caribbean Anesthetists Conference – Barbados, 1986. Moseley H, Kumar AY, Bhavani Shankar K, Rao PS. Can compressed air/oxygen replace N2O/oxygen in general anaesthesia. First Caribbean Anesthetists Conference – Barbados, 1986. Bhavani Shankar K. A review of arterial to end-tidal carbon dioxide tension difference during pregnancy. Second Caribbean Anesthetists Conference – Barbados, 1987. Moseley H, Bhavani Shankar K, Kumar Y, Hallsworth R. Multicenter drug trial of “Diprivan”, a new intravenous induction agent by ICI limited, UK. Second Caribbean Anesthetists Conference – Barbados, 1987. Bhavani Shankar K, Moseley H, Kumar AY. Assessment of Bain circuit in obese patients. Second Caribbean Anesthetists Conference – Barbados, 1987. Bhavani Shankar K. Carotid sinus hypersensitivity. A case report. Second Caribbean Anesthetists Conference – Barbados, 1987. Wahyd A, Moseley H, Bhavani Shankar K, Ramasamy M. Low dose ketamine for dilatation and curettage. Second Caribbean Anesthetists Conference – Barbados, 1987. Ali S, Bhavani Shankar K, Moseley H. Changes in serum potassium following Diprivan and succinylcholine. Third Caribbean Anesthetists Conference – Barbados, 1988. Bhavani Shankar K. Anesthesia Budget. Expenditure involved in staffing anesthesia department at Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Barbados. Third Caribbean Anesthetists Conference – Barbados, 1988. Bhavani Shankar K, Moseley H, Kumar AY. End-tidal carbon dioxide estimations in pregnancy. 39th Indian Society of Anaesthetists Conference, 1990. Kumar AY, Bhavani Shankar K, Moseley H. The computerized auditing of disposable anaesthetic equipment and anaesthetic drugs. Deuxieme Journees Internationales d’anesthesie-reanimation. Conference held in Martinique, 1992. Bhavani Shankar K. Monitoring a ventilated patient. Fourth Barbados Societyey of Anaesthetists Conference, 1993. Kumar AY, Bhavani Shankar K, Moseley H. Cost evaluation for use of Isoflurane in low flow circuit with air and oxygen. Fourth Barbados Society of Anaesthetists Conference, 1993. Moseley H, Bhavani Shankar K, Moseley H, Kumar AY, Kannan S. Total Intravenous anaesthesia for day care surgery using propofol and diclofenac. Fourth Barbados Society of Anaesthetists Conference, 1993. Kannan S, Bhavani Shankar K, Moseley H, Kumar AY. Fibreoptic bronchoscopy in management of difficult airway. Fourth Barbados Society of Anaesthetists Conference, 1993. Bhavani Shankar K, Camann W. General anesthesia for cesarean delivery. The status of current resident training and experience. Society of Obstetric Anesthesia and Perinatology. (SOAP), San Diego, 2001.Read More

Women’s Health and Education Center (WHEC) denounces scam e-mails falsely implying association or affiliation with WHEC. Various scam e-mails purporting or implying to be from or associated with the Women’s Health and Education Center (WHEC) or its e-learning Project: WomensHealthSection.com, have been circulating on the Internet. Some of these e-mails request detailed information and/or money from individuals, businesses or non-profit organizations with the promise that they will receive funds or other benefits like posting on WomensHealthSection.com, in return. Other e-mails ask for registration fees for conferences/CME courses allegedly sponsored by WHEC. These e-mails sometimes carry the WHEC logo, and emanate from or refer to an e-mail address which is made to look like a WHEC address. These e-mails do not emanate from WHEC, and are not in any way associated with WHEC projects or events or CME courses. WHEC wishes to warn the public of these misleading practices, and suggests that recipients of invitations such as those described above (whether sent by e-mail or communicated in any other way) verify their authenticity before sending any response. In particular, WHEC suggests that recipients do not send money or personal information in response to invitations from anyone who claims to be awarding funds, grants, scholarships, certificates, lottery winnings, or prizes, and/or who requests payment for registration fees and hotel-rooms reservations, in the name of WHEC. It is not WHEC policy to charge for attendance at meetings. If you have any doubts about the authenticity of an e-mail, letter or phone call purportedly from, for or on behalf of WHEC, please contact us. WHEC is trying to put a halt to these misleading practices, and we would therefore greatly appreciate your help in bringing suspect communications to our attention.Read More

Dr. James F. Phillips Senior Lecturer Heilbrunn Department of Population and Family Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University 60 Haven Avenue, B-317 New York, NY 10032 email – jfp2113@columbia.edu James F. Phillips is a senior associate in the Population Council’s Policy Research Division. He previously worked in the Population Council’s International Programs Division in Bangladesh, the Philippines, and Thailand. Prior to his work with the Population Council, Phillips held positions in Nigeria with the International Committee of the Red Cross and UNICEF. Dr. Phillips conducts field experiments that measure the demographic role of family planning and child survival programs. He directed Bangladesh’s Matlab Community Health and Family Planning Project which demonstrated the demographic potential of family planning services in that country. The Matlab service model became the basis for national health reform in the 1980s and 1990s. Dr. Phillips is currently working on a collaborative research program with the Ghana Health Service and the Navrongo Health Research Centre. When the Navrongo Experiment established the feasibility of reducing fertility and mortality with community-based health and family planning services in 1999, a national scaling-up initiative, known as the Community-based Health Planning and Services initiative, was launched to extend the Navrongo service model to all 110 Ghanaian districts. Phillips serves as the senior advisor to the Ghana Health Service for this program, where he collaborates on research designed to guide, refine, and evaluate the scaling-up effort. Dr. Phillips is currently collaborating with his Ghanaian colleagues on a program of exchange that will extend health service innovations from Ghana to Burkina Faso, Sierra Leone, and Ethiopia. In 2005, Dr. Phillips launched a new collaborative venture with the Vietnam Ministry of Health that aims to apply evidence-based planning methods to health reform in that country. Dr. Phillips is a member of several international science advisory boards and has launched scientific research networks on issues related to health sector reform, reproductive health, and demographic research methodology. He holds an M.S. degree in population studies from the University of Hawaii, and a Ph.D. in sociology from the University of Michigan. Phillips has published books on the evaluation of family planning programs, the demography of South Asia, and population policy in Bangladesh. He has journal publications on the demography of Asia and Africa, health policy, computer science, and other topics.Read More

[در.] [سبي] أستاذة ورئيس مجلس إدارة من القسم من علم قبالة و [جنكلوج] في الجامعة من سينسناتي كلية الالطبّ. ه أكاديميّة قد منح قيادة ومساهمة إلى بحث ، في التشريح من الأمراض مفرط توتّر حالة حمل وأخرى مشاكل أساسيّة يصحب مع علم قبالة وطبّ نسائيّ ، ه وطنيّة وتمييز دوليّة في المجال من الطبّ [مترنل-فتل] ، بشكل خاصّ في المنطقة الارتفاع ضغط في حالة حمل. قد نظّم مساهمته المعالجة خطط من كثير طبيبات. [در.] [سبي] ’ [س] تطوّر سوء سمعة دوليّة في [بريكلمبسا] وإرجاج نتيجة تأليفه أو [ك-وثورشيب] من على 350 [بير-رفيود] نشر في مواطنة ودوليّا تناقل نشر. [در.] [بها] [م.] [سبي]أستاذة ورئيس مجلس إدارةقسم من علم قبالة و [جنكلوج]جامعة سينسناتي231 [ألبرت] سابين طريقسينسناتي ، [أه] 45267 بريد إلكترونيّ: [به.سبيوك.دو]Read More

نساء [هلث دوكأيشن]: جماعة شاملة تقدم لنساء حول العال مستفيدات زائرات ال [وومنشلثسكأيشن.كم] :مساهماتنا نحن شاكرة إلى مساهماتنا الذي هبة قد جعل هذا موقعة تربويّة في نساء [هلثكر] يمكن. المساهمة إقتطاع ضريبي قدّمت ك يستمرّ دعم بعمق. محسنات: ($50.000 وأعلاه) (2019) مركز صحة المرأة والتعليم (2018) مركز صحة المرأة والتعليم (2017) مركز صحة المرأة والتعليم (2016) مركز صحة المرأة والتعليم (2015) مركز صحة المرأة والتعليم (2014) مركز صحة المرأة والتعليم (2013) مركز صحة المرأة والتعليم (2012) مركز صحة المرأة والتعليم (2011) مركز صحة المرأة والتعليم (2010) مركز صحة المرأة والتعليم (2009) مركز صحة المرأة والتعليم (2008) مركز صحة المرأة والتعليم (2007) مركز صحة المرأة والتعليم (2006) مركز صحة المرأة والتعليم (2005) مركز صحة المرأة والتعليم (2004) مركز صحة المرأة والتعليم أسياد: ($25.000 وأعلاه) أتيت قريبا! كفيلة متضامنة ، نخبة ($10.000 وأعلاه) (نساء صحة & تربية مركز (2003) كفيلة متضامنة ($5.000 وأعلاه) أتيت قريبا! مجموعة/تنظيم كفيلة ، نخبة ($1.000 وأعل) Dr. James A. Whelton (مجموعة/تنظيم كفيلة ($500 وأعلاه) Dr. & Mrs. Francis H. Boudreau (كفيلة فرديّة ، نخبة ($200 وأعلاه) Santosh B. Luthra Hampden County Physician Associates, LLC McClure Insurance Agency Anne & David Baker Oakdale Dental Associates Drs. Farricy & Kraft شكور خاصّ يشعر نحن كلّ في نساء ‘ [س] صحة & تربية مركز ، دين ضخمة عرفان جميل إلى [در.] [بنتون] [بكر] [إييي] ، الذي ساعد جعلت هذا [وب ست] تربويّة في علم قبالة و [جنكلوج] ، يمكن. هو ي متعة وامتياز أن يعمل مع ه للمتأخّرة 12 سنون أن يحسن نساء ‘ [س] صحة و [ولّ-بينغ] عالميّا. هو واحدة من اللطيفة والناس مضحكة حيّة. جدّا داعمة ويهتمّ زميلة وصديقة ، إلى الّذي أنا أستدين مهنة تماما من عرفان جميل. لمس إنسانيّة. دون تأثيره عميقة ، يعرف أنا ، أنا لم رأى هذا أقسام أتيت حيّة. شكور قابل للقياس ل يقدّمنا إلى [در.] [إيوجن] [توي] ، برنامج مديرة [كريستثس] [ست.] [جوسف] [هوسبيتل] [أب/جن] مقر برنامج. ه قد حوّل دعم وقرارات حكيمة الأفكار داخل حقيقة. أنا أحبّت أن يعترف المساعدة ضخمة يعطى إلى ي ب [در.] جيمس [أ.] [وهلتون] ، في يخلق هذا [وب ست] تربويّة ، أن يحسن نساء صحة و [ولّ-بينغ] عالميّ أنا أبديّا شاكرة إلى معلمة عظيمة وصديقة ، الذي إشعار صحيحة ساعدني رأيت العالم كأكثر مكان عميقة. عندما بدا العالم باردة وتبصرات ذبلوا ، ه حكمة ولطف كان مثل يرشد ضوء ، أن يجعل طريقي من خلال هو. نحن نأخذ أشياء مؤكّدة ل يمنح ، [إفن وهن] يعرف نحن نحن سوفت أبدا أخذت أشياء ل يمنح. هو في هذا أوقات ، أثناء مقري في [ست.] أليزابث مستشفى في بوسطن ، أنا حقّق هو حقّا مدربة. هو غالبا يصدق في ي أكثر من يتمّ أنا بنفسي. شكور خاصّة إلى [در.] جيمس [أ.] [وهلتون] ، رئيس مجلس إدارة (يتقاعد) من قسم العلم قبالة و [جنكلوج] ، [ست.] أليزابث مستشفى ، بوسطن ، ل يعلمنا ال يصحّ معنى من عناية صبور. شكور ثانية. Rita Luthra, MD President Women’s Health & Education CenterRead More

ال [متريلس] يزوّد في هذا موقعة لأغراض إعلاميّة ولا ينوى لإستعمال كتشخيص أو معالجة من [هلث بروبلم] أو كبديل ل يستشير يرخّص محترفة طبيّة. لا ينوى المحتوى يقدّم على وضمن هذا [وب ست] أن يكون بديل لمحترفة طبيّة إشعار ، تشخيص ، أو معالجة. دائما بحثت الإشعار من طبيبتك أو أخرى ينعت صحة مزود مع أيّ أسئلة أنت يمكن يتلقّى بخصوص شرط طبيّة. فقط يشجّع ينعت محترفة طبيّة الذي يكون [فميلير ويث] ظروفك خاصّة يستطيع زوّدت إرشاد خاصّة بخصوص [هلث قوسأيشن] ك ونحن أنت أن يسأل دكتورتك أيّ أسئلة أنت يمكن يتلقّى [رلتينغ تو] المعلومة يحتوى في هذا أو أيّ أخرى [وب ست]. أبدا تغاضيت إشعار محترفة طبيّة أو يؤخّر في يبحث هو بسبب شيء أنت قد قرأت على الإنترنت أو على WomensHealthSection.com. لا يوصي WomensHealthSection.com أو يظهر أيّ إختبارات خاصّة ، منتوجات ، إجراءات ، آراء ، أو أخرى معلومة أنّ يمكن كنت ذكرت ضمن ال [وب ست]. ثقة على أيّ معلومة يزوّد ب WomensHealthSection.com ، موظفاته ، بائعات ، مؤلفات ، متعاونات ، أو أخرى يظهر على ال [وب ست] في الدعوة WomensHealthSection.com ، أو أخرى زائرات إلى ال [وب ست] مفردا في ك خاصّة خطر. لا يضمن الآراء عبّر عن أن يمثّل معايير حاليّة من ممارسة محترفة والرأي وحيدة من المؤلفة فرديّة ولا أنّ من WomensHealthSection.com أو النساء صحة & تربية مركز ، أو أيّ أخرى ذاتية أو تنظيم. طبيب سريريّ شجّعت أن يتبع هم تشريعيّة سياسات وإجراءات واستشرت [سوبرفيسري برسنّل] بما أنّ يحتاج. لا يتضمّن التنويه من شركات خاصّة أو من مؤكّدة صاحب مصنع منتوجات أنّ هم ظهرت أو أوصيت بالنساء صحة & تربية مركز ([وهك]) [إين برفرنس تو] أخرى من طبيعة مماثلة أنّ يكون لا يذكر. ميّزت أخطاء وعمليّة حذف يتوقّع ، الاسم من الصلاحيّة منتوجات ب [إينيتيل كبيتل لتّر]. نساء لا يضمن صحة & تربية مركز ([وهك]) أنّ المعلومة يحتوى في هذا نشر كاملة وسوفت لن [ب] مسؤولة ل أيّ إتلافات يتكبّد نتيجة إستعماله. ال يعيّن مؤلفات فحسب مسؤولة للمنظرات عبّر عن في هذا نشر.Read More

Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology Vice Chairman Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Vanderbilt University Medical Center North B1100, Nashville, TN (USA) 37232-2519 Office telephone: (615) 343-5227 Fax: (615) 343-8881 e-mail: frank.boehm@vanderbilt.edu Dr. Frank H. Boehm is Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Vice Chairman of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Vanderbilt Medical Center in Nashville, TN. He is the former Director of Maternal Fetal Medicine at Vanderbilt Medical Center as well as the former Chair of the Vanderbilt Medical Center’s Ethics Committee. Dr. Boehm is a graduate of Vanderbilt Medical School and the Yale Internship and Residency Program. He is Board certified in Obstetrics and Gynecology and Maternal Fetal Medicine and has authored over 200 scientific publications as well as co-editing a major medical textbook. Dr. Boehm has also authored Doctor’s Cry, Too: Essays from the Heart of a Physician and Building Patient Doctor Trust which addresses the issue of physician-patient communication and the need for doctors to build trusting relationships with their patients. Dr. Boehm has served on national committees and is a reviewer of major scientific publications in his field. In addition, he has spoken throughout the United States, Canada, Mexico, Europe and the Middle East. He currently authors an op-ed column in the Tennessean, a Nashville newspaper, on medical issues. He has received numerous honors, including, Vanderbilt Medical Center Faculty Award for teaching medical students, residents, and/or fellows in the clinical setting and was the first recipient of the Frank H. Boehm Award for contributions to continuing medical education. Dr. Boehm has three children and five grandchildren. He and his wife, Julie, reside in Nashville and Boca Raton, Florida. Dr. Boehm can be reached at his email, frank.boehm@vanderbilt.edu, office telephone, (615) 343-5227, fax, (615) 343-8881.Read More

THE WOMEN’S HEALTH AND EDUCATION ORGANIZATION, INC. [Read the WHEO, Inc. Mission Statement] AND WOMEN’S HEALTH AND EDUCATION CENTER (WHEC) NGO in Special Consultative Status with ECOSOC of the United Nations AND WomensHealthSection.Com BY-LAWS Article I Name and Location 1.1 Name: The name of this non-profit organization is, THE WOMEN’S HEALTH AND EDUCATION ORGANIZATION, INC. Its acronym is: WHEO, Inc. It is at WOMEN’S HEALTH AND EDUCATION CENTER (WHEC), NGO in Special Consultative Status with the ECOSOC of the United Nations. Their web-site domain name is: WomensHealthSection.Com. 1.2 Location: The principal office is in Longmeadow, Massachusetts (USA). The Board of Directors may change the location of the principal office, upon filing a certificate with the Secretary of State of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts (USA). Article II Purpose 2.1 Purpose: The Corporation is operating as a non- profit organization for the purpose of supporting and improving the educational opportunities and general health of women and particularly women of the developing countries. Article III Membership 3.1 Members: Any persons or institutions interested in the purpose of the corporation shall be eligible for membership. The Board of Directors may from time to time establish such classes of membership as may be appropriate. In any event, all members, regardless of classification, shall have equal voting rights. 3.2 Membership Contributions: The Directors may from time to time establish membership contributions for the various classes of membership. Notices of annual membership contributions shall be sent, to all members. Any member who fails to pay the applicable membership contribution, within three months, following the sending of notice shall be dropped from membership, and shall lose all privileges of a member of the corporation. Article IV Meetings 4.1 Annual Meeting: The annual meeting of the corporation shall be held on the third Thursday on September of each year or at such other time in the month of September as the Directors shall determine. The annual meeting may be held at the principal office of the corporation, or at such other place as the Directors may determine. 4.2 Special Meetings: Special meetings of the corporation may be called by the President, a majority of the Directors, or upon written request of the majority of the members of the corporation delivered to the President. 4.3 Notice: All meetings of the corporation shall be called by giving not less than one week’s notice to each member of the corporation by mail so far as their addressed may be known or by publication of a notice in a newspaper published in Springfield, Massachusetts. 4.4 Quorum: A simple majority of members eligible to vote shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of all business. Article V Board of Directors 5.1 Number and Election: The Board of Directors shall consist of the President, the Secretary, the Treasurer and not less than three and not more than ten other members of the corporation elected annually by the members at the annual meeting. 5.2 Tenure: The Directors elected at any annual meeting shall be elected for three years or such shorter length of term as will cause the term of office of approximately one third of the elected members of the Board to expire each year. No Director shall serve for more than six consecutive years, except that an officer may, if re-elected, continue to serve in that office for not more than three additional consecutive years. Directors who have served the maximum term may be re-elected to the Board after an interval of not less than one year. 5.3 Meetings: Meetings of the Board of Directors shall be called by the President, or upon the written request of three Directors. 5.4 Notice: Notice of all meetings of the Board of Directors shall be mailed to each Director at least seven days prior to the date of any meeting. 5.5 Quorum: A simple majority, or, if there are more than ten Directors, one-third of the then in office, shall constitute a quorum. 5.6 Powers: The Board of Directors shall have the general direction, control and management of the property and the affairs of the Society except such as are to be exercised exclusively by the members of the corporation by law or by these By-Laws. 5.7 Audit: The Board of Directors shall arrange for an annual audit of the accounts of the Treasurer and the financial affairs of the corporation. 5.8 Honorary Directors: Any Director who has served as a Director for not less three years may be elected an Honorary Director at an annual meeting. An Honorary Director shall hold office for the remainder of his or her life, unless re-elected an active Director or removed for good and sufficient cause by vote of the members of the corporation. Honorary Directors shall not be voting members of the Board of Directors. (The Honorary Chairperson shall not be considered an Honorary Director). Article VI Officers 6.1 Number and Election: The officers of the corporation shall be a President, a Secretary and a Treasurer. The officers shall be elected annually by the members at the annual meeting and shall hold office for two years, and until their successors are elected. Officers may be re-elected. The Directors may fill vacancies in any office until the next annual meeting. 6.2 Honorary Chairperson and Chairperson: The Honorary Chairperson and the Chairperson shall have the usual duties of their respective offices and such other duties as may be assigned to them from time to time by the Directors. There is no limit other than the limit placed on the term of any other Directors to their term. 6.3 President: The President shall have the usual duties of such office and such other duties as may be assigned to them from time to time by the Directors. The President shall be a member of all Committees ex officio. No President shall be elected by the members to the same office for more than six consecutive terms. The President shall be executive officer of the corporation and, subject to the instructions of the Board of Directors, shall be responsible for the general operation of the corporation. So far as possible, the President shall attend all regular meetings of the corporation, the Board of Directors, and Standing Committees. The President shall prepare agendas for the annual meeting and special meetings of the corporation and for meetings of the Board of Directors. The President shall supervise the services of any employees. 6.4 Secretary: The Secretary shall record and maintain records of all proceedings of the corporation and of the Directors. These records shall be kept at the principal office of the corporation, and shall be open at all reasonable times to the inspection of any member. The Secretary shall be responsible for notices of annual meetings and special meetings of the corporation and meetings of the Board of Directors. 6.5 Treasurer: The Treasurer shall be the chief financial officer and the chief accounting officer of the corporation. The Treasurer shall be in charge of the corporation’s financial affairs, accounts, funds, securities and valuable papers, and shall keep full and accurate records thereof. The Treasurer shall supervise the keeping of correct records of receipts and expenditures in books maintained by the corporation. The treasurer shall present a report of the financial activities of the Society at each annual meeting. If required by the Directors, the Treasurer shall give bond for the faithful performance of the duties of the office in such sums and with such surety of sureties as the Directors may direct. 6.6 Vacancy: In the event of a vacancy in any office, the Directors elect one of their numbers to fill that office until the next annual meeting. Article VII Committees 7.1 Standing Committees: The Standing Committees of the corporation shall be Executive Committee, Nominating Committee, Finance Committee, Medical Advisory Committee and Educational Advisory Committee. 7.2 Executive Committee: The Executive Committee shall consist of the Chairman, the President, the Secretary, the Treasurer, and such other Directors as the President, with consent of the other Directors, may appoint for a term of one year. Directors may be reappointed. Two thirds of the members of the Executive Committee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. Except as otherwise provided by law or by these By-Laws, the Executive Committee shall have and exercise all the powers of the Board of Directors during the intervals between meetings of the Directors. All actions of the Executive Committee shall be considered for ratification or confirmation at the next successive meeting of the Board of Directors. 7.3 Nominating Committee: The Nominating Committee shall consist of three members of the corporation, who need not be Directors. One member shall be elected each year at the annual meeting of the corporation for a term of three years. Any vacancy before the end of a term shall be filled by appointment by the President until the next annual meeting, at which time a member shall be elected to fill the balance of that term. No member of the Nominating Committee shall serve for more than six consecutive years. The Nomination Committee shall nominate one of more candidates for each office to be filled at the annual meeting of the corporation, including the Nominating Committee. At least one month before the Annual Meeting, the Nominating Committee shall file all nominations with the President, who shall immediately communicate those names to the Board of Directors. Nominations for any office to be filled at the Annual Meeting of the corporation may also be made by papers signed by three or more members of the corporation filed with the President at least two weeks before the Annual Meeting. Immediately upon receiving such nominations, the President shall immediately communicate those names to the Board of Directors. 7.4 Finance Committee: The members of the Finance Committee shall be appointed by the President to serve terms of three years, or such shorter length of term as will cause the term of office of approximately one-third of the members to expire each year. Members need not be Directors, and may be reappointed. The Finance Committee shall advise the Treasurer concerning the investment and management of the corporation’s funds and securities, and provide such additional advice and assistance as the Treasurer may request. 7.5 Medical Advisory: The members of Medical Advisory Committee shall be appointed by the President to serve terms of three years, or such shorter length of term as will cause the term of office of approximately one-third of the members to expire each year. Members need not be Directors, and may be reappointed. The Medical Advisory Committee shall advise the Board of Directors on those medical matters and of medical opportunities which it thinks the corporation should engage in furtherance of its stated purpose. 7.6 Educational Advisory Committee: The members of the Educational Advisory Committee shall be appointed by the President to serve terms of three years, of such shorter length of term as will cause the term of office of approximately one-third of the members to expire each year. Members need not be Directors, and may be reappointed. The Educational Advisory Committee shall advise the Board of Directors on those educational matters and of educational opportunities which it thinks the corporation should engage in furtherance of its stated purpose. 7.7 Other Committees: The President may appoint such other committees as the President and the Directors shall determine from time to time to be advisable and necessary. The chairperson of each such committee shall be a Director, but the other members of the committee need not be Directors. Members may be reappointed to such committees. Except as otherwise specifically set forth in these By-Laws, committees shall have such duties as may be assigned to them from time to time by the Directors. Article VIII Finance 8.1 Fiscal Year: The Fiscal year of the corporation shall begin on the first day of January in each year. 8.2 Accounts: The monies of the corporation shall be deposited in the name of the corporation in such banks or other financial institutions as the Directors shall designate. Funds shall be drawn only by checks or orders signed by such persons as the Directors shall designate. 8.3 Restrictions: The corporation is organized exclusively for charitable and educational purposes as specified in Section 501(c)(3) of Internal Revenue Code, as from time to time amended, herein after referred to as the code, and it shall not be operated for profit, and the corporation will nor carry on any activities not permitted to be carried on by a corporation exempt from federal income tax under the code. No part of its net earnings shall inure to the benefit of any member, director or any officer of the corporation or any private person, except that reasonable compensation may paid for services rendered to or for the corporation. No officer, director or member of the corporation or any private individual shall be entitled to share in the distribution of any of the corporate assets on dissolution of the corporation. No part of the corporation’s activities shall be the carrying on of propaganda or otherwise attempting to influence legislation or in intervening in any political campaign on behalf of any candidate for public office. Upon dissolution, all of the remaining assets and property of the corporation, after payment of necessary expensed thereof, shall be distributed to another corporation exempt under said section of the code, to be applied by such other corporation for those purposes of that corporation that are most similar to the purposes of this corporation, and no member or officer of this corporation shall profit thereby. Article IX Amendments 9.1 By the Directors: These By Laws, or any subsequent By-Law adopted by the Directors the members, may be amended or repealed by vote of two-thirds of the Directors then in office, except with respect to any provision of any By-Law which by law, the corporation’s Articles of Incorporation, or these By Laws, require action by the members of the corporation. Written notice stating the substance of any such amendment or repeal shall be given to the members not later than the annual meeting next following the vote of the Directors to amend or repeal. 9.2 By the Members: These By Laws, or any subsequent By Law adopted by the Directors or members, may be amended or repealed by vote of two-thirds of the members present at any meeting of the corporation. Written notice that the subject of amending or repealing By Laws is to come before the corporation shall be included in the notice of such meeting. 9.3 Restrictions: No amendment may be made which affects the non-profit status of the corporation or affects the disposition of assets on dissolution of assets on dissolution to another non-profit and income-tax-exempt organization.Read More

Dr. Robert M. Silver Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology Chief, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine University of Utah Health Sciences Center (UUHSC) 30 North 1900 East SOM 2B200 Salt Lake City, UT 84132 (USA) Tel: 801-585-5156 Fax: 801-585-2594 E-mail: robert.silver@hsc.utah.edu Dr. Bradley J. Monk, FACS, FACOG Professor Division of Gynecologic Oncology Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Creighton University School of Medicine at St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, a member of Catholic Healthcare West 500 W. Thomas Road, Suite 660 Phoenix, AZ 85013 (USA) Tel #: (602) 406-6000 Fax #: 602-406-9921 Email: Bradley.monk@chw.edu Dr. John J. Sciarra, MD, PhD Thomas J. Watkins Professor Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology 680 North Lake Shore Drive, Suite 1015 Chicago, Illinois 60611-8702 (USA) Tel: 312-695-5107 Fax: 312-908-8777 e-mail: jsciarra@northwestern.edu Dr. Laurence B. McCullough, Ph.D Associate Director for Education Professor of Medicine and Medical Ethics Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Baylor College of Medicine One Baylor Plaza Houston, TX 77030, (USA) Tel: 713 798 3505 Fax: 713 798 5678 e-mail: mccullou@bcm.tmc.edu Dr. Frank A. Chervenak Given Foundation Professor and Chairman Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology New York Weill Cornell Medical Center 525 East 68th St., Suite M727 New York, NY, 10021 (USA) Tel: 212-746-3045 Fax: 212-746-8500 e-mail: FAC2001@med.cornell.edu Dr. Philip M. Sarrel Emeritus Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Psychiatry Yale University School of Medicine 161 Center Road Woodbridge, CT. 06525 (USA) Tel: (203) 785-4002 Fax: (203) 785-1883 e-mail: Philip.sarrel@yale.edu Dr. Robert L. Barbieri Chief of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ASB1-3 Brigham and Women’s Hospital 75 Francis Street Boston, Massachusetts, 02115 USA Telephone: 617-732-4265 Fax: 617-277-1440 e-mail: rbarbieri@partners.org Dr. Yinka Oyelese, MD, MRCOG Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School 2nd Floor, Clinical Academic Building 125 Paterson St New Brunswick NJ 08901, USA Tel: 732-235-7628 Fax: 732-235-6627 e-mail: yinkamd@aol.com Dr. Edward E. Wallach Professor of Gynecology & Obstetrics Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions 600 North Wolfe Street, Phipps Building # 201 Baltimore, MD 21287-1201 (USA) Tel: (410) 955-7800 Fax: (410) 955-9138 e-mail: ewallach@jhmi.edu Dr. Bhavani Shankar Kodali Associate Professor, Harvard Medical School Attending Anesthesiologist Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston, MA U.S.A. Telephone: 617-732-8221 Fax: 617-277-2192 e-mail: bkodali@PARTNERS.ORG Dr. Neeraj Kohli, MD, MBA Director, Division of Urogynecology Brigham and Women’s Hospital Assistant Professor Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts, USA e-mail: nkohli@partners.org Dr. Gil Levy, MD Director, Division of Female Pelvic Surgery and Reconstructive Surgery Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Maimonides Medical Center Assistant Professor SUNY Health Science Center 967 48th Street Brooklyn, NY 11219 (USA) Tel: 718-283-8846 Fax: 718-283-8468 e-mail: glevy@maimonidesmed.org Dr. Howard L. Minkoff Chairman, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Maimonides Medical Center Distinguished Professor SUNY Health Science Center 967 48th Street Brooklyn, NY 11219 (USA) Tel: 718-283-7973 or 718-283-3000 Fax: 718-283-8468 e-mail: hminkoff@maimonidesmed.org Dr. Baha M. Sibai Professor and Chairman Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Cincinnati 231 Albert Sabin Way Cincinnati, Ohio 45267 (USA) Tel: 513-558-8448 Fax: 513-558-6138 e-mail: baha.sibai@uc.edu Dr. Neena Agarwala Assistant Professor Advanced Laparoscopic Surgery Minimally Invasive Urogyn & Pelvic Surgery University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha, NE 68198-3255 (USA) Tel: 402-559-8133 Fax: 402-559-5015 e-mail: nagarwala@unmc.edu Dr. Frank H. Boehm Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology Vice Chairman Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Vanderbilt University Medical Center North B1100 Nashville, TN (USA) 37232-2519 Office telephone: (615) 343-5227 Fax: (615) 343-8881 e-mail: frank.boehm@vanderbilt.edu Dr. Maya M. Hammoud Associate Professor & Chief Technology Officer Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Associate Professor, Department of Medical Education University of Michigan Medical School L4000 Women’s Hospital 1500 E. Medical Center Dr. Ann Arbor, MI, 48109 Phone: 734-936-3110 Fax: 734-936-7722 e-mail: immaya@umich.edu ضيف كلية – كندا Dr. Peter von Dadelszen, MBChB, DPhil University of British Columbia Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2H30-4500 Oak Street Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1 (Canada) Tel: +1-604-875-2424 ext 3054 Fax: +1-604-875-2725 e-mail: pvd@cw.bc.ca ضيف كلية – ايطاليا Dr. Mario Preti Deputy Director, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Turin St. Anna Hospital Via Ventiniglia 3 10126 Turin, Italy Tel: +39.011.3131982 Fax: +39.011.5622901 e-mail: mario.preti@tin.it Dr. Erich Cosmi Director of Prenatal Diagnosis and Fetal Therapy Unit Assistant Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Gynecological Science and Human Reproduction, Section of Maternal and Fetal Medicine University of Padua School of Medicine via Giustiniani N 3, Padua, 35128, Italy Phone: +39-339-8146745 Fax: +39-049-8211842 e-mail: ecosmi@hotmail.com ضيف كلية – أيرلاندا Dr. John R. Higgins Professor of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Head of College of Medicine and Health University College Cork Cork University Maternity Hospital Wilton, Cork, Ireland Tel: +353 214920748 Fax: +353 214205025 e-mail: J.Higgins@ucc.ie ضيف كلية – أسبانيا Dr. Maria M. Morales Suárez-Varela Professor Titular de Universidad Area de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública Universitat de Valencia Avd. Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n 46100 – Burjasot SPAIN Tel/Fax: 34-963544951 e-mail: maria.m.morales@uv.es ضيف كلية – المملكة المتحدة Dr. David Richmond President Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG) 27 Sussex Place Regents Park London NW1 4RG U.K. T: +44 20 7772 6250 E: president@rcog.org.uk W: www.rcog.org.uk Dr. Luciano E. Mignini Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Birmingham Women’s Health Care NHS Trust B15 2TG, Birmingham U.K. T: +0121 472 1377 Fax: 0121 627 2667 E: L.Mignini@bham.ac.ukRead More