Given that infections with the human papillomavirus (HPV) can lead to cervical cancer, screening and diagnostic programs involving Papanicolaou smears (Pap test) and colposcopy are the standard of care in North America. As more than 80% of cervical cancers are preventable by routine screening, the United States has clearly been successful in reducing HPV-related cancers with the implementation of the cervical cancer screening programs. The purpose of this review is to discuss the current management and summarize recommendations for managing high-grade cervical neoplasia (CIN2, 3+). Areas in which improvement can be made in the recognition of high-risk features during colposcopy are also discussed. Once colposcopic technique is improved, accuracy for detection of high-risk premalignant disease increases. Carcinogenic or "high-risk" human papillomavirus (high-risk HPV) testing has become the standard triage worldwide for women with atypical squamous cells of undermined significance (ASC-US) cytology and is designated as a stand-alone follow-up option in a number of post-colposcopy and post-treatment clinical management scenarios.Read More